Njengoba sonke sazi, izinto zokwakha zensimbi engagqwali zihlukaniswa ngensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic kanye nensimbi ye-martensitic.
Amamaki ensimbi engagqwali ahlukaniswe abe ngu-45, 50, 60, 70, no-80. Izinto zokwakha zihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi zibe i-austenite A1, A2, A4, martensite ne-ferrite C1, C2, ne-C4. Indlela yayo yokukhuluma ifana ne-A2-70, ngaphambi nangemuva kuka-"--" ngokulandelanayo ikhombisa impahla yebhawodi kanye nezinga lamandla.
1.Ferritic Stainless Steel
(15% -18% Chromium) - Insimbi engagqwali yeFerritic inamandla aqinile we-65,000 - 87,000 PSI. Nakuba isamelana nokugqwala, ayinconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe ezindaweni lapho ukugqwala kungase kwenzeke, futhi ifanele izikulufu zensimbi engagqwali ezinokumelana nokugqwala okuphakeme kancane nokumelana nokushisa, kanye nezidingo zamandla ezivamile. Lokhu okuqukethwe akukwazi ukuphathwa ngokushisa. Ngenxa yenqubo yokubumba, iyizibuthe futhi ayifanele ukuthungatha. Amamaki e-Ferritic afaka: 430 kanye ne-430F.
2.Martensitic Stainless Steel
(12% -18% Chromium) - Insimbi engagqwali ye-Martensitic ithathwa njengensimbi kazibuthe. Ingaphathwa ngokushisa ukuze kwandiswe ubulukhuni bayo futhi ayinconywa ukushisela. Izinsimbi ezingenasici zalolu hlobo zihlanganisa: 410, 416, 420, kanye no-431. Zinamandla aqinile phakathi kuka-180,000 no-250,000 PSI.
Thayipha i-410 kanye no-Type 416 ingaqiniswa ukwelashwa kokushisa, ngobulukhuni be-35-45HRC kanye nokusebenza kahle komshini. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa nezikulufu zensimbi engagqwali ezingagqwali ngezinjongo ezijwayelekile. Uhlobo 416 lunokuqukethwe kwesibabule okuphezulu kancane futhi iyinsimbi engagqwali okusika kalula. Uhlobo 420, olunesulfure ewu-R0.15%, luthuthukise izakhiwo zemishini futhi lungaqiniswa ukwelashwa kokushisa. Inani eliphezulu lokuqina ngu-53-58HRC. Isetshenziselwa izikulufu zensimbi engagqwali ezidinga amandla aphezulu.
3.Austenitic Stainless Steel
(15% -20% chromium, 5% -19% nickel) - Izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-Austenitic zinokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinhlobo ezintathu. Leli klasi lensimbi engagqwali lihlanganisa amamaki alandelayo: 302, 303, 304, 304L, 316, 321, 347, no-348. Futhi banamandla okudonsa phakathi kuka-80,000 - 150,000 PSI. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukumelana nokugqwala, noma izakhiwo zayo zemishini ziyefana.
Uhlobo 302 lusetshenziselwa izikulufu ezenziwe ngomshini namabhawodi azithinta wona.
Thayipha i-303 Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokusika, inani elincane lesulfure lengezwa ku-Type 303 yensimbi engagqwali, esetshenziselwa ukucubungula amantongomane esitokisini sebha.
Uhlobo 304 lufanele ukucubungula izikulufu zensimbi engagqwali ngenqubo yesihloko esishisayo, njengamabhawudi esicaciso amade namabhawodi amakhulu obubanzi, angase eqe ububanzi benqubo yesihloko esibandayo.
Uhlobo 305 lufanele ukucubungula izikulufu zensimbi engagqwali ngenqubo yesihloko esibandayo, njengamantongomane akhiwe abandayo namabhawodi anezinhlangothi ezine.
Izinhlobo ezingama-316 nezingu-317, zombili ziqukethe i-alloying element Mo, ngakho-ke amandla azo okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kuphakeme kunensimbi engagqwali engu-18-8.
Uhlobo 321 kanye Nohlobo 347, Uhlobo 321 luqukethe i-Ti, i-alloying element ezinzile, futhi Uhlobo 347 luqukethe i-Nb, ethuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-intergranular kwento. Ilungele izingxenye ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali ezingafakwa ngemuva kokushisela noma ezisebenza ku-420-1013 °C.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-18-2023
